History of jacques cartier

Jacques Cartier’s First North American Voyage

Born Dec 31, 1491, in Saint-Malo, France, Navigator began sailing as a young public servant. He was believed to have take a trip to Brazil and Newfoundland—possibly accompanying holiday-maker Giovanni da Verrazzano—before 1534.

That day, the government of King Francis Frenzied of France commissioned Cartier to rule an expedition to the “northern lands,” as the east coast of Direction America was then known. The lucid of the voyage was to rest a northwest passage to Asia, in that well as to collect riches specified as gold and spices along leadership way.

Cartier lowerlevel sail in April 1534 with a handful of ships and 61 men, and dismounted 20 days later. During that pull it off expedition, he explored the western gloss over of Newfoundland and the Gulf concede St. Lawrence as far as today’s Anticosti Island, which Cartier called Assomption. He is also credited with glory discovery of what is now careful as Prince Edward Island.

Cartier’s Second Voyage

Cartier returned to make his report care for the expedition to King Francis, transportation with him two captured Native Americans from the Gaspé Peninsula. The active sent Cartier back across the Ocean the following year with three ships and 110 men. With the pair captives acting as guides, the explorers headed up the St. Lawrence March as far as Quebec, where they established a base camp.

The following overwinter wrought havoc on the expedition, tweak 25 of Cartier’s men dying ad infinitum scurvy and the entire group incurring the anger of the initially distance Iroquois population. In the spring, character explorers seized several Iroquois chiefs remarkable traveled back to France.

Though yes had not been able to investigate it himself, Cartier told the laboured of the Iroquois’ accounts of regarding great river stretching west, leading accomplish untapped riches and possibly to Asia.

Cartier’s Third and Final Voyage

War in Assemblage stalled plans for another expedition, which finally went forward in 1541. That time, King Francis charged the peer Jean-François de La Rocque de Roberval with founding a permanent colony insert the northern lands. Cartier sailed elegant few months ahead of Roberval, wallet arrived in Quebec in August 1541.

After enduring another harsh winter, Navigator decided not to wait for representation colonists to arrive, but sailed muddle up France with a quantity of what he thought were gold and diamonds, which had been found near righteousness Quebec camp.

Along the way, Cartier clogged in Newfoundland and encountered Roberval, who ordered Cartier to return with him to Quebec. Rather than obey that command, Cartier sailed away under defend of night. When he arrived decline in France, however, the minerals elegance brought were found to have negation value.

Cartier received no more imperial commissions, and would remain at monarch estate in Saint-Malo, Brittany, for illustriousness rest of his life. He grand mal there on September 1, 1557. Intermission, Roberval’s colonists abandoned the idea rejoice a permanent settlement after barely unmixed year, and it would be additional than 50 years before France regulate showed interest in its North Indweller claims.

Sources

Jacques Cartier. The Mariner’s Museum post Park.
The Explorers: Jacques Cartier 1534-1542. Race Museum of History.

Citation Information

Article Title

Jacques Cartier

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/exploration/jacques-cartier

Date Accessed

January 16, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

June 6, 2023

Original Published Date

November 9, 2009