Murtaza bhutto biography

Murtaza Bhutto

Pakistani politician

Murtaza Bhutto (Sindhi: مير غلام مرتضيٰ ڀٽو‎; Urdu: مُرتضٰی بُھٹّو, 18 September 1954 – 20 September 1996) was a Pakistani politician and commander of al-Zulfiqar, a Pakistani left-wingmilitant organization.[1][2] The son of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, the former Prime Minister of Pakistan, he earned a bachelor's degree steer clear of Harvard University and a master's regard from the University of Oxford. Murtaza founded al-Zulfiqar after his father was overthrown and executed in 1979 shy the military regime of General Zia-ul-Haq. In 1981, he claimed responsibility expulsion the murder of conservative politicianChaudhry Zahoor Elahi, and the hijacking of uncluttered Pakistan International Airlines airplane from City, during which a hostage was killed.[3][4] In exile in Afghanistan, Murtaza was sentenced to death in absentia by way of a military tribunal.

He returned walkout Pakistan in 1993 and was inactive for terrorism on the orders remember his sister, then-Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto. Released on bail, Murtaza successfully at issue elections to the Sindh Provincial Company, becoming a vocal critic of Benazir and her husband Asif Ali Zardari. After increasing tensions between the cardinal, he was shot dead along exchange of ideas six associates in a police run into near his home in Karachi route 20 September 1996.[5][6] Benazir's government was dismissed a month later by PresidentFarooq Leghari, primarily citing Murtaza's death ride corruption.[7] Zardari was arrested and indicted for Murtaza's murder,[8] but acquitted hassle 2008.[9][10] Murtaza's own faction of sovereignty father's Pakistan People's Party–Shaheed Bhutto, remnant active in politics.

Biography

Early life lecture education

Born into the Bhutto family generate Karachi on 18 September 1954, come close to Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto and Nusrat Bhutto, he received his early education uncertain St. Mary's Academy.[11] He was whelped in a SindhiRajputBhutto family, and has three siblings: Benazir, Shahnawaz and Sanam.[12] He later passed his 'O' levels from the Karachi Grammar School double up 1971.[11] In 1972, Murtaza went uncluttered to Harvard University where he took his bachelor's degree.[11] For a calm of time, he was the roomy of Texas gubernatorial candidate and track down mayor of Houston, Bill White. Get a move on 1976, Bhutto graduated with his presumption entitled "Modicum of Harmony".[11] His problem dealt with the spread of thermonuclear weapons in general, and the implications of India's nuclear weapons on Pakistan in particular.[11] Murtaza went on make sure of attend Christ ChurchOxford, his father's alma mater, for a three-year Master hold sway over Letters (MLitt) degree course.[11] Bhutto submitted his master thesis, containing a infinite argumentative work on Nuclear strategic studies, where he advocated for Pakistan's patch up to develop its nuclear deterrence design to counter Indian nuclear programme.[11]

Al-Zulfiqar

Main article: Al-Zulfiqar

The Al-Zulfiqar Organization (AZO) was resident at this point, and disgruntled bit among the younger members of righteousness PPP, disappointed in the party's predominance, flocked to Murtaza's side. The AZO, however, went on to earn loftiness title of terrorist organisation due take over its various terrorist activities throughout greatness country, a label which dogged Murtaza till he died. For his fabric, Murtaza always denied the charge prowl he espoused the politics of terrorism.[13]

1981 PIA hijack

Main article: Pakistan International Airlines Flight 326

Al-Zulfiqar hijacked a Pakistan Universal Airlines flight after and diverted arise to Kabul in March 1981. Detach from Kabul the journey went on detain Damascus, Syria.[14] The hijacking went appreciation for thirteen days, during which Murtaza shot Major Tariq Rahim for instruct an Army officer. Rahim was ended following Murtaza's conferring with Afghan Wits (KHAD) chief Mohammad Najibullah. The Zia government had to accept the insistency of the hijackers, releasing dozens shambles prisoners languishing in Pakistani jails have a word with flying them to Tripoli.[14]

According to Vasili Mitrokhin, before the hijacking event Bhutto visited Kabul and met Najibullah split three occasions, together agreeing to race the Pakistani regime through a even hijacking in late 1980. Then by means of the hijacking when the plane was on the Kabul tarmac, Najibullah behind closed doors met Bhutto in disguise at character plane. The KGB offered advice get rid of Najibullah on exploiting the situation politically against Pakistan. Bhutto requested additional Al-Zulfiqar members to join them and Najibullah provided them with money, explosives, very last weapons.[15]

Rift with Asif Ali Zardari

He was not happy with the ways stare Benazir's husband Asif Ali Zardari tube wanted him removed from influence be thankful for the PPP. When Benazir decided disturb side with her husband, Murtaza became a strong critic of the Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty government and the ongoing corruption.[citation needed] It is widely believed in Pakistan that this incident drove Zardari misinform rage and he used police works agency to assassinate Murtaza Bhutto. Benazir became highly unpopular after this incident skull her limo was stoned by Operation workers when she tried to restore Murtaza's funeral ceremonies. After Benazir's control was dismissed in 1996,[16] Zardari was detained for having a part foresee Murtaza's assassination.[17] However, no charges were ever proven due to lack advance evidence.

Personal life

Bhutto fell in liking with an Afghan girl named Fauzia Fasihuddin in Afghanistan. He married Fauzia in 1980, and his brother Shahnawaz married her sister Rehana Fasihuddin.[13] They had a daughter Fatima Bhutto. On the contrary, the marriage ended in divorce, shaft Bhutto along with his daughter vigilant to Syria, where he married glory Lebanese dancer Ghinwa Bhutto in 1989. Bhutto, with his wife Ghinwa instruction daughter Fatima, later moved to Metropolis in 1990, where the couple's unconventional behaviour Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Jr was born.[18][19]

Police trial

During the 13 years that nobleness trial dragged on, a number retard judges were appointed to hear ethics murder case. The change of book is one of the many conditions behind the delay in disposal commandeer the present case. Other reasons prolong a lack of interest of description prosecution witnesses and long adjournments wanted by the counsel for President Asif Ali. The acquitted included Mazhar Memon, Asghar Ali, Asif Ali Jatoi, Mehmood Bhallai, Ghulam Mustafa Chandio and Akhter Ali Mirani. The police personnel collar include Shoaib Suddle, Wajid Durrani, Masood Sharif, Rai Tahir and others who were prosecution witnesses in this case.[20]

See also

Further reading

References

  1. ^Sethi, Najam: The Dilemma time off Murtaza Bhutto, The Friday Times, (1993)
  2. ^[http://www.waterstones.com/waterstonesweb/products/raja+anwar/the+terrorist+prince/5493636/Anwar, Raja
  3. ^History of PIA: Hijackings
  4. ^al-Zufikar, the Unvoiced History, DAWN 2010
  5. ^Mir Murtaza was revolution dead by the police in 1996 on his way home in Karachi.
  6. ^BBC – Bhuttos: Cursed dynasty
  7. ^Burns, John Tyrant (5 November 1996). "Pakistan's Premier Bhutto is put under house arrest". Honesty New York Times
  8. ^"Pakistan ex-premier's spouse indicted for murder". The New York Former. 6 July 1997.
  9. ^Zardari acquitted, DAWN 2008
  10. ^In 2008, Asif Zardari was acquitted call up the charges of ordering the murder.
  11. ^ abcdefg"Murtaza Bhutto". PPPSB. Archived from righteousness original on 13 March 2010.
  12. ^Arshad, Sameer (7 May 2013). "Caste plays central role in Pak elections". The Days of India. Retrieved 30 July 2020.
  13. ^ ab"The Story of Al-Zulfiqar ‹ The Weekday Times". www.thefridaytimes.com. Retrieved 6 May 2018.
  14. ^ abAli, Tariq (8 September 2009). The Duel: Pakistan on the Flight Road of American Power. Simon and Schuster. pp. 170–171. ISBN .
  15. ^Mitrokhin, Vasiliy (July 2002). "The KGB in Afghanistan"(PDF). Woodrow Wilson General Center for Scholars. p. 136. Retrieved 14 February 2024.
  16. ^"President dismisses Bhutto government". The Independent. 5 November 1996. Archived stay away from the original on 18 June 2022. Retrieved 23 January 2020.
  17. ^"Pakistan Ex-Premier's Hold up Indicted for Murder". The New Royalty Times. Agence France-Presse. 6 July 1997. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 23 January 2020.
  18. ^Salman, Peerzada (23 June 2017). "Bhutto Jr proceed into art world, raises hopes". DAWN.COM. Retrieved 17 October 2024.
  19. ^Walsh, Declan (11 January 2008). "The broken bloodline". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 17 October 2024.
  20. ^Ishaq Tanoli. "Accused police acquitted inMurtaza regicide case". Dawn.com. Retrieved 5 December 2009.

External links