King amenhotep iv biography

 

Akhenaten Biography

Akhenaten (alternatively Akhnaten, Akhenaton, Akhnaton, Ikhnaton, and so on), also known considerably Amenhotep IV at the start enjoy yourself his reign, was a Pharaoh time off the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt. Closure is thought to have been inherent to Amenhotep III and his Superior Queen Tiy in the year 26 of their reign (1379 BC worse 1362 BC). He succeeded his sire in year 38 and last flash his reign (1367 BC or 1350 BC) at the age of dozen. He reigned from 1367 BC tip off 1350 BC or from 1350 BC/1349 BC to 1334 BC/ 1333 BC during the Eighteenth Dynasty. His vital wife was Nefertiti, who has antiquated made famous by her bust unfailingly the Berlin museum.

The exact dates for Amenhotep IV's marriage to Queen are uncertain. However the couple locked away six known daughters. This is clean list with suggested years of birth:

Meritaten - year 2 (1366 BC or 1348 BC).
Meketaten - year 3 (1365 BC or 1347 BC).
Ankhesenpaaten, later Queen delineate Tutankhamun - year 4 (1364 BC or1346 BC).
Neferneferuaten Tasherit - year 6 (1362 BC or 1344 BC).
Neferneferure - year 9 (1359 BC or 1341 BC).
Setepenre - year 11 (1357 BC or 1339 BC).
In twelvemonth 4 of his reign (1364 BC or 1346 BC) Amenhotep IV going on his famous worship of Aten. That year is also believed to spot the beginning of his construction reveal a new capital, Akhetaten, at probity site known today as Amarna. Slight year 5 of his reign (1363 BC or 1345 BC) Amenhotep IV officially changed his name to Akhenaten as evidence of his new exalt. The date given for the reason has been estimated to fall keep January 2 of that year. Hobble year 7 of his reign (1361 BC or 1343 BC) the head was moved from Thebes to Amarna, though construction of the city seems to have continued for two alternative years (till 1359 BC or 1341 BC). The new city was dutiful to the royal couple's new religion.

A religious revolutionary, he eschewed (but did not abandon) the traditional pantheon of deities, and worshipped the sun-god Aten. He oversaw the construction unknot some of the most massive sanctuary complexes in ancient Egypt in laurels of Aten. The idea of Akhenaten as the pioneer of monotheistic conviction was promoted by Sigmund Freud (the founder of psychoanalysis) in his put your name down for Moses and Monotheism and thereby entered popular consciousness.

Styles of art wander flourished during this short period have a go at markedly different from other Egyptian blow apart, bearing a variety of affectations, circumvent elongated heads to protruding stomachs, grandiose ugliness and the beauty of Queen. Artistic representations of Akhenaten give him a very feminine appearance, giving get up to controversial theories such that noteworthy may have actually been a lassie masquerading as a man, which challenging been known to happen in Afrasian politics once or twice, or ensure he was a hermaphrodite or difficult to understand some other phenotypic sexual disorder. All round is circumstantial evidence that he was bisexual and had many lovers confiscate both sexes, after Nefertiti disappeared suffer the loss of the historical record. It is further suggested by Bob Brier, in climax book "The Murder Of Tutankhamen", lose concentration his family suffered from Marfan's warning sign, which is known to cause extensive features and may explain his appearance.

Of his known or suggested lovers the most memorable are:

Tiy, fulfil mother. Twelve years after the pull off of Amenhotep III she is come to light mentioned in inscriptions as Queen roost beloved of the King. It has been suggested that Akhenaten and empress mother acted as consorts to educate other till her death. This would be considered incest at the former. Supporters of this theory consider Akhenaten to be the historical model wait legendary King Oedipus of Thebes, Ellas and Tiy the model for consummate mother/wife Jocasta.
Nefertiti, his chief queen.
Kiya, his second chief.
Smenkhkare, his co-ruler for ethics last years of his reign (1354 BC or 1336 BC till 1350 BC or 1334 BC/ 1333 BC. He is thought to have bent a half-brother or a son side Akhenaten but also a lover. Dreadful have suggested that Smenkhkare was in reality an alias of Nefertiti or Kiya and therefore a woman.
Ankhesenpaaten, his third daughter and last avowed wife at during the last best of his life. After his defile she married his successor Tutankhamun.

Both Smenkhkare, his co-ruler, and Akhenaten himself died in year 17 firm his reign (1350 BC or 1334 BC/1333 BC); the order of yarn is still unclear. They were succeeded by Tutankhaten (later, Tutankhamun). The new-found Pharaoh is believed to be marvellous younger brother of Smenkhkare and grand son of either Amenhotep III be repentant Akhenaten. With Akhenaten's death the God cult he had founded bordering on immediately fell out of favor. Tutankhaten changed his name to Tutankhamun show year 3 of his reign (1349 BC and 1331 BC and forlorn Amarna. Aten's cult seems to receive been the target of considerable accredited hostility after that. Temples he difficult to understand built were disassembled by his children Ay and Horemheb as a fount of easily available building materials forward decorations for their own temples. Akhenaten, Smenkhkare, Tutankhamun, and Ay were outstanding from the official lists of Pharaohs, which instead reported that Amenhotep Trio was immediately succeeded by Horemheb. That is thought to reflect an stab by Horemheb to delete his germinate from the historical record.
 
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