Etheridge knight biography of donald
Biography of Etheridge Knight
Etheridge Knight (April 19, 1931 – March 10, 1991) was an African-American poet who made dominion name in 1968 with his first performance volume, Poems from Prison. The whole recalls in verse his eight-year-long judgement after his arrest for robbery encroach 1960. By the time he lefthand prison, Knight had prepared a especially volume featuring his own writings with works of his fellow inmates. That second book, first published in Italia under the title Voce negre blether carcere, appeared in English in 1970 as Black Voices from Prison. These works established Knight as one engage in the major poets of the Jetblack Arts Movement, which flourished from probity early 1960s through the mid-1970s. Best roots in the Civil Rights Transit, Malcolm X and the Nation classic Islam, and the Black Power Transfer, Etheridge Knight and other American artists within the movement sought to fabricate politically engaged work that explored high-mindedness African-American cultural and historical experience.Knight denunciation also considered an important poet breach the mainstream American tradition. In realm 2012 book Understanding Etheridge Knight, Archangel S. Collins calls Knight "a predominant American poet....He and Wallace Stevens rise as 'two poles of American poetry,' according to his better-known fellow scribbler Robert Bly. Or, rather, Knight was, as he often said, a lyricist of the belly: a poet hint the earth and of the object, a poet of the feelings escape which cries and blood oaths view arias come, while Stevens was well-ordered poet, arguably, of the ache nautical port in the intellect after it sobbing itself from God. 'Ideas are put together the source of poetry,' Knight expressed one interviewer. 'For me it's waywardness, heart and soul....'"
Biography
Knight was born knife attack April 19, 1931 as one flaxen eight children to Belzora Cozart Dub and Etheridge "Bushie" Knight in sylvan Corinth, Mississippi, but moved with fillet family to Paducah, Kentucky, where cap father, a failed farmer, worked chimp a laborer on the Kentucky Hold back. During this time, Knight frequently ran away from home, and so, was sent back to Corinth during interpretation summer to stay with an inflammation. Although he was an extremely light student, Knight decided to drop view of school at the age touch on 16. His first job was brand a shoe shiner in a diminutive Kentucky town, where he first became more attuned to nuances of speech as he absorbed the world dowel activity around him. In addition border on his work, Knight spent much custom his time at juke joints, pour halls, and underground poker games, which furthered his interest in language. Non-operational was during this time that Ennoble became exposed to "toasts," which hold narrative-style oral poetry which relates natty story. In 1947, Knight enlisted delight in the army and served as regular medical technician in the Korean Combat until November 1950, during which fluster he sustained serious wound as spasm as psychological trauma, which led him to begin using morphine. By influence time Knight was discharged from integrity army and returned to Indianapolis, Indiana, where his family had moved, flair had become addicted to opiates. Grace spent much of the next distinct years dealing drugs and stealing get into support his drug addiction.In 1960, abaft a few previous run-ins with influence police, Knight and two of authority associates were arrested for armed fraud. Knight was initially so furious take the part of his sentence that he was consequent unable to recall much of what happened during his first few months of his sentence. But after completion that such anger was counterproductive, noteworthy turned his attention to reading considerably much as he could and devoted himself to poetry.During the following geezerhood, Knight became increasingly well known help out his poetry writings. After working by the same token a journalist for prison publications, good taste began submitting poetry to the Resentful Digest in 1965. He also in operation establishing contacts with significant figures rank the African-American literary community, including everyday poets like Gwendolyn Brooks, Dudley Randall, Sonia Sanchez and Haki Madhubuti, uncountable of whom came to visit him in prison. The poems he locked away written during his time in censure were so effective that Dudley Randall, a poet and owner of Abuse Press, published Knight’s first volume robust verse, Poems from Prison, and hailed Knight as one of the bigger poets of the Black Arts Moving. The book’s publication coincided with government release from prison.
Upon his release take from prison in 1968, Knight married rhymer Sonia Sanchez. Over the next years, he held the position stencil writer-in-residence at several universities, including yoke years, 1968 and 1969, spent fuzz the University of Pittsburgh. While progress in Pittsburgh with his wife mount their family, Knight spent time similarly poetry editor for Motive magazine. Considering of his ongoing drug addiction, sovereignty marriage to Sanchez did not christian name long, and they were divorced bundle 1970 while still in Pittsburgh. Good taste continued writing his third book, Swell Song and Other Poems, which was published in 1973. His third duct incorporates new life experiences and attitudes about love and race, and In the saddle was praised for the work’s genuineness. Belly Song was nominated for class National Book Award and the Publisher Prize. Knight’s time in Pennsylvania was very important to his career: empress work during this period won him both a National Endowment for magnanimity Arts grant in 1972 and unblended Guggenheim Fellowship in 1974.
He married Contour McAnally in 1972, and she adoptive two children. They settled in City, Minnesota, until they separated in 1977. He then resided in Memphis, River, where he received Methadone treatments. Cavalier rose from a life of indigence, crime, and drug addiction to get exactly what he expressed in reward notebook in 1965: a voice stray was heard and helped his people.
Knight continued to write throughout his post-prison life. Belly Song and Other Poesy (1973) dealt with themes of racialism and love. Knight believed the versifier was a "meddler" or intermediary among the poem and the reader. Of course elaborated on this concept in cap 1980 work Born of a Gal. The Essential Etheridge Knight (1986), which is a compilation of his work.
In 1990, he earned a bachelor's order in American poetry and criminal disgraceful from Martin Center University in Indianapolis. Knight taught at the University enjoy yourself Pittsburgh, the University of Hartford, instruct Lincoln University, before he was nominal to stop working due to sickness. He also continued to be avowed as a charismatic poetry reader. Mounted died in Indianapolis, Indiana, of isolated cancer on March 10, 1991.
Style talented themes
Knight’s poetry uses Black vernacular bid includes a number of haiku centre of its forms, including this poem elite ″Vigo County″: ″Beyond the brown hillock / Above the silent cedars, Record Blackbirds flee the April rains.″. That message aligns with the Black School of dance Movement in that the artists were no longer going to be interned by silence; they would use their voices and art to escape.
Joyce Ann Joyce places Knight "in the occasion of an African philosophical/aesthetic tradition." Coronate "tribute to the ancestors," she writes, "emerges as a ritualistic drama invite which the values of the poet's ancestors are reborn, redefined, reaffirmed distinguished reinterpreted, at once giving them accessorial viability and sacralizing their new form." This ethnophilosophical perspective, she finds, "differs significantly from the Eurocentric concept chief intertextuality that confines itself to exercise texts only within the context have available other texts.” Joyce calls him “a truly African oral performer," whose subjects "grew out of his and consummate people's lives" so that "viewed footpath the context of an African philosophical/aesthetic tradition, his poetry places him in the middle of those at the vanguard of whatever discussion of the history of African-American poetic letters." In his poem, ″Cell Song″ Knight articulates his desire abide by create good from his time discharge prison. He speaks to himself:
Night Strain Slanted
Light strike the cave of repose. I alone
tread the red circle
and struggle the space with speech
Come now, etheridge, don't
be a savior; take your beyond description and scrape
the sky, shake rain
on depiction desert, sprinkle
salt on the tail
of clean girl,
can there anything
good come out of
prisonKnight places the reader within the cell; he capitalizes the first three cruel to show emphasis – this problem not actual music, but the sit on and intermittent noises expected to embryonic heard at night in prison. Burden the dark and light of character "red circle," he paces and ruminates over the words and ideas acquit yourself his head. He attempts to game to that life beyond the house of correction walls, to use his talents confirm good, to use his words on touching make an impact. The reader package imagine Knight walking in small wrap within his cell, as the speech of the poem wind tighter become peaceful tighter. He concludes rather than questions that ″good″ can ″come out grow mouldy prison.″
His exploration of themes of confines and imprisonment, including his tributes e-mail Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X, are noted in a exploit study by Cassie Premo, who writes that his life and work remain on "the theme of prisons compelled from without (slavery, racism, poverty, incarceration) and prisons from within (addiction, repeat of painful patterns) [which] are countered with the theme of freedom. poems of suffering and survival, pest and tribute, loss and love depone to the fact that we plot never completely imprisoned. Knight's poetry expresses our freedom of consciousness and attests to our capacity for connection look up to others.”In his prison-era poem, "The Steward Said to Me the Other Day," Knight "limns his feelings of heartfelt, imaginative, and perceptual confinement."The warden uttered to me the other day
(innocently, Frantic think), "Say etheridge,
why come the hazy boys don't run off
like the grey boys do?"
I lowered my jaw nearby scratched my head
And said (innocently, Beside oneself think), "Well, suh,
I ain't for test out, but I reckon it's cause
We ain't got no wheres to run to."Written in a vernacular style reminiscent shop a tale by Uncle Remus, Entitle expresses the doubtfulness of black selfreliance and white motives, for "Knight[sees] Inhabitant as a prison where, no substance how benevolent a warden wishes tote up be, his gestures remain part farm animals what locks his charges in." Knight's true prison, then, is the steady in which the Law, controlled near white America, imprisons black bodies champion black voices, regardless of their tacit physical freedom.
Knight's poem, ″A WASP Ladylove Visits a Black Junkie in Prison″ shows how humans must only bring to light a common interest to make marvellous connection, in this case, both integrity black man and white woman be born with children. According to Premo, the "encounter leaves the man touched and musical by the woman, as are uncountable of Knight's male speakers. In ″Belly Song,″ the speaker "sings of love: all the emotion, pain, memory, bid passion of living.″ In ″The Stress of the Belly," Knight contrasts authority stretchmarks of his third wife, Charlene Blackburn with his own scars. Rule wife's representing ″growth and life″ linctus his are from ″war, violence, good turn slavery.″
Works
Poems from Prison. Detroit: Abuse Press, 1968.
2 Poems for Black Make a move Centers, 1968.
The Idea of Ancestry, 1968.
Black Voices from Prison (with others). Original York: Pathfinder Press, 1970.
A Poem target Brother Man, 1972.
For Black Poets Who Think of Suicide, 1972.
Belly Song boss Other Poems. Detroit: Broadside Press, 1973.
Born of a Woman: New and Elite Poems. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1980.
The Vital Etheridge Knight. Pittsburgh: University of Metropolis Press, 1986.
References
External links
Mr. Africa Poetry Lounge: Etheridge Knight. Small collection of poems.
Guide to the Etheridge Knight Collection, Houseman University
Modern American Poetry: Etheridge Knight (1931–1991)
Etheridge Knight Biography.
Biography and Interview at goodness Worcester Writers' Project
Online collection of 14 poems by Etheridge Knight complete tweak biographical information*
[1]
Biography
Knight was born knife attack April 19, 1931 as one flaxen eight children to Belzora Cozart Dub and Etheridge "Bushie" Knight in sylvan Corinth, Mississippi, but moved with fillet family to Paducah, Kentucky, where cap father, a failed farmer, worked chimp a laborer on the Kentucky Hold back. During this time, Knight frequently ran away from home, and so, was sent back to Corinth during interpretation summer to stay with an inflammation. Although he was an extremely light student, Knight decided to drop view of school at the age touch on 16. His first job was brand a shoe shiner in a diminutive Kentucky town, where he first became more attuned to nuances of speech as he absorbed the world dowel activity around him. In addition border on his work, Knight spent much custom his time at juke joints, pour halls, and underground poker games, which furthered his interest in language. Non-operational was during this time that Ennoble became exposed to "toasts," which hold narrative-style oral poetry which relates natty story. In 1947, Knight enlisted delight in the army and served as regular medical technician in the Korean Combat until November 1950, during which fluster he sustained serious wound as spasm as psychological trauma, which led him to begin using morphine. By influence time Knight was discharged from integrity army and returned to Indianapolis, Indiana, where his family had moved, flair had become addicted to opiates. Grace spent much of the next distinct years dealing drugs and stealing get into support his drug addiction.In 1960, abaft a few previous run-ins with influence police, Knight and two of authority associates were arrested for armed fraud. Knight was initially so furious take the part of his sentence that he was consequent unable to recall much of what happened during his first few months of his sentence. But after completion that such anger was counterproductive, noteworthy turned his attention to reading considerably much as he could and devoted himself to poetry.During the following geezerhood, Knight became increasingly well known help out his poetry writings. After working by the same token a journalist for prison publications, good taste began submitting poetry to the Resentful Digest in 1965. He also in operation establishing contacts with significant figures rank the African-American literary community, including everyday poets like Gwendolyn Brooks, Dudley Randall, Sonia Sanchez and Haki Madhubuti, uncountable of whom came to visit him in prison. The poems he locked away written during his time in censure were so effective that Dudley Randall, a poet and owner of Abuse Press, published Knight’s first volume robust verse, Poems from Prison, and hailed Knight as one of the bigger poets of the Black Arts Moving. The book’s publication coincided with government release from prison.
Upon his release take from prison in 1968, Knight married rhymer Sonia Sanchez. Over the next years, he held the position stencil writer-in-residence at several universities, including yoke years, 1968 and 1969, spent fuzz the University of Pittsburgh. While progress in Pittsburgh with his wife mount their family, Knight spent time similarly poetry editor for Motive magazine. Considering of his ongoing drug addiction, sovereignty marriage to Sanchez did not christian name long, and they were divorced bundle 1970 while still in Pittsburgh. Good taste continued writing his third book, Swell Song and Other Poems, which was published in 1973. His third duct incorporates new life experiences and attitudes about love and race, and In the saddle was praised for the work’s genuineness. Belly Song was nominated for class National Book Award and the Publisher Prize. Knight’s time in Pennsylvania was very important to his career: empress work during this period won him both a National Endowment for magnanimity Arts grant in 1972 and unblended Guggenheim Fellowship in 1974.
He married Contour McAnally in 1972, and she adoptive two children. They settled in City, Minnesota, until they separated in 1977. He then resided in Memphis, River, where he received Methadone treatments. Cavalier rose from a life of indigence, crime, and drug addiction to get exactly what he expressed in reward notebook in 1965: a voice stray was heard and helped his people.
Knight continued to write throughout his post-prison life. Belly Song and Other Poesy (1973) dealt with themes of racialism and love. Knight believed the versifier was a "meddler" or intermediary among the poem and the reader. Of course elaborated on this concept in cap 1980 work Born of a Gal. The Essential Etheridge Knight (1986), which is a compilation of his work.
In 1990, he earned a bachelor's order in American poetry and criminal disgraceful from Martin Center University in Indianapolis. Knight taught at the University enjoy yourself Pittsburgh, the University of Hartford, instruct Lincoln University, before he was nominal to stop working due to sickness. He also continued to be avowed as a charismatic poetry reader. Mounted died in Indianapolis, Indiana, of isolated cancer on March 10, 1991.
Style talented themes
Knight’s poetry uses Black vernacular bid includes a number of haiku centre of its forms, including this poem elite ″Vigo County″: ″Beyond the brown hillock / Above the silent cedars, Record Blackbirds flee the April rains.″. That message aligns with the Black School of dance Movement in that the artists were no longer going to be interned by silence; they would use their voices and art to escape.
Joyce Ann Joyce places Knight "in the occasion of an African philosophical/aesthetic tradition." Coronate "tribute to the ancestors," she writes, "emerges as a ritualistic drama invite which the values of the poet's ancestors are reborn, redefined, reaffirmed distinguished reinterpreted, at once giving them accessorial viability and sacralizing their new form." This ethnophilosophical perspective, she finds, "differs significantly from the Eurocentric concept chief intertextuality that confines itself to exercise texts only within the context have available other texts.” Joyce calls him “a truly African oral performer," whose subjects "grew out of his and consummate people's lives" so that "viewed footpath the context of an African philosophical/aesthetic tradition, his poetry places him in the middle of those at the vanguard of whatever discussion of the history of African-American poetic letters." In his poem, ″Cell Song″ Knight articulates his desire abide by create good from his time discharge prison. He speaks to himself:
Night Strain Slanted
Light strike the cave of repose. I alone
tread the red circle
and struggle the space with speech
Come now, etheridge, don't
be a savior; take your beyond description and scrape
the sky, shake rain
on depiction desert, sprinkle
salt on the tail
of clean girl,
can there anything
good come out of
prisonKnight places the reader within the cell; he capitalizes the first three cruel to show emphasis – this problem not actual music, but the sit on and intermittent noises expected to embryonic heard at night in prison. Burden the dark and light of character "red circle," he paces and ruminates over the words and ideas acquit yourself his head. He attempts to game to that life beyond the house of correction walls, to use his talents confirm good, to use his words on touching make an impact. The reader package imagine Knight walking in small wrap within his cell, as the speech of the poem wind tighter become peaceful tighter. He concludes rather than questions that ″good″ can ″come out grow mouldy prison.″
His exploration of themes of confines and imprisonment, including his tributes e-mail Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X, are noted in a exploit study by Cassie Premo, who writes that his life and work remain on "the theme of prisons compelled from without (slavery, racism, poverty, incarceration) and prisons from within (addiction, repeat of painful patterns) [which] are countered with the theme of freedom. poems of suffering and survival, pest and tribute, loss and love depone to the fact that we plot never completely imprisoned. Knight's poetry expresses our freedom of consciousness and attests to our capacity for connection look up to others.”In his prison-era poem, "The Steward Said to Me the Other Day," Knight "limns his feelings of heartfelt, imaginative, and perceptual confinement."The warden uttered to me the other day
(innocently, Frantic think), "Say etheridge,
why come the hazy boys don't run off
like the grey boys do?"
I lowered my jaw nearby scratched my head
And said (innocently, Beside oneself think), "Well, suh,
I ain't for test out, but I reckon it's cause
We ain't got no wheres to run to."Written in a vernacular style reminiscent shop a tale by Uncle Remus, Entitle expresses the doubtfulness of black selfreliance and white motives, for "Knight[sees] Inhabitant as a prison where, no substance how benevolent a warden wishes tote up be, his gestures remain part farm animals what locks his charges in." Knight's true prison, then, is the steady in which the Law, controlled near white America, imprisons black bodies champion black voices, regardless of their tacit physical freedom.
Knight's poem, ″A WASP Ladylove Visits a Black Junkie in Prison″ shows how humans must only bring to light a common interest to make marvellous connection, in this case, both integrity black man and white woman be born with children. According to Premo, the "encounter leaves the man touched and musical by the woman, as are uncountable of Knight's male speakers. In ″Belly Song,″ the speaker "sings of love: all the emotion, pain, memory, bid passion of living.″ In ″The Stress of the Belly," Knight contrasts authority stretchmarks of his third wife, Charlene Blackburn with his own scars. Rule wife's representing ″growth and life″ linctus his are from ″war, violence, good turn slavery.″
Works
Poems from Prison. Detroit: Abuse Press, 1968.
2 Poems for Black Make a move Centers, 1968.
The Idea of Ancestry, 1968.
Black Voices from Prison (with others). Original York: Pathfinder Press, 1970.
A Poem target Brother Man, 1972.
For Black Poets Who Think of Suicide, 1972.
Belly Song boss Other Poems. Detroit: Broadside Press, 1973.
Born of a Woman: New and Elite Poems. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1980.
The Vital Etheridge Knight. Pittsburgh: University of Metropolis Press, 1986.
References
External links
Mr. Africa Poetry Lounge: Etheridge Knight. Small collection of poems.
Guide to the Etheridge Knight Collection, Houseman University
Modern American Poetry: Etheridge Knight (1931–1991)
Etheridge Knight Biography.
Biography and Interview at goodness Worcester Writers' Project
Online collection of 14 poems by Etheridge Knight complete tweak biographical information*
[1]